APA Citations

Page or Paragraph Numbers

When using the exact words from a source or paraphrasing, add the page number(s) or, if there are no page numbers, add the paragraph number(s).  

One page - As explained by Brown (2015), "..."  (p. 202).
Two or more pages - (Jones, 2015, pp. 202-210)
No pages? Count paragraphs - (Brown, 2014, para. 3)

Use ellipses to indicate you have omitted material from the original source

• Three spaced ellipsis points (. . .) within a sentence
• Four points for omissions between sentences.
     First point is for the period at the end of the first sentence quoted, followed by three points.
• No ellipsis, typically, at the beginning or end of any quotation.

      More . . .(American Psychological Assocation)

Capitalization of titles within a paper differs from capitalization in a reference list.

Within the paper, capitalize:

• All major words and the second part of hyphenated major words
• The first word after a dash or colon
• Words of four letters or more within titles
• Exception: Capitalize shorter words that are verbs, nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and adverbs

Capitalize and italicize titles of journals, magazines, and newspapers.

E.g. The New York Times, Journal of American Culture

Do not capitalize:

• articles (a, an, the), unless it is the first word of the title
• conjunctions (and, or, nor, but)
• words of three letters or less

More . . . (American Psychological Association)

To cite a source within another source, add "as cited in" and list the original author(s) and date.

E.g. Taylor (as cited in Smith, 2015) argued . . .

Smith (2015) would be the reference to include on your reference page.